Ministry of Environmental Protection: The new standard of MSW incineration pollution control will be implemented
Recently, the revise and improvement of current MSW incineration pollution control standard has been passed in the Ministry of Environmental Protection Executive meeting. After revision, on the scope of application, the new standard includes the sludge of sewage treatment facilities and the pollution control of general industrial solid waste dedicated incinerator, adds the start-up, boiler stop, malfunction of MSW incinerator or the control requirement of accident emissions, strict the emission standard of MSW incineration plant contaminant, such as particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrochloric acid, heavy metals and their compounds, dioxin etc.
The progress of MSW incineration technology is very important to promote pollution reduction and atmospheric pollution control and safeguard people's health. The further strict of pollutant limit and the issue of revised standard sets up the pole for the project planning and design, investment and construction and operation management of MSW incineration. In that way, what effects does MSW incineration have on the environment? What are the current emission standard does not adapt on? What are the regulations abroad? This report will interpret for you.
Analysis and interpretation
What are the characteristics of MSW incineration technology in our country?
The main treatment technology of municipal waste is sanitary landfill, incineration as the auxiliary pole. But with the accelerating urbanization process, urban land is more and more nervous, at the same time, the localization of the main equipment in incinerator makes the construction investment of incinerators reduce greatly.
In the 80 s, our country began to extensive use the centralized incineration technology to dispose MSW. The development characteristic is starting late, developing rapidly, realizing the development by leaps and bounds, reaching the international advanced level basically; Modern incineration technology with international level and simple incineration technology have common development; Fluidized bed MSW incinerator surge, once booming.
According to the urban construction statistics yearbook (2011), the number of incinerators in China is 109, the scale of incineration processing capacity reached 90000 tons/day. The incineration capacity proportion which is reached 23% is 13.8 times of incineration capacity which is 6520 tons/day in 2001. This suggests that the incineration technology has heavier weight in our country garbage disposal. From the point of distribution, More than two-thirds incinerators concentrated in the eastern region, of which, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu are the top three.
Hazard pollutants in MSW Incineration
Waste incineration flue gas pollutants include 4 categories: soot, particulate matter and the fly ash; acid gas (such as HCl, SO2, NOx); toxic heavy metals (such as Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr) and dioxins and other halogenated compounds.
Several common pollutants and the harm:
Sulfur dioxide: the formation of industrial smoke, makes it difficult to breathe at high concentration; enters the earth's atmosphere, oxidation to sulfate formation of acid rain, on the building, forests, lakes, soil hazard; the formation of suspended particles, called aerosols, along with the breathing of people into the lungs, direct injury to the lung.
Suspended particulate TSP: If the breath into the lung, deposition may be caused the disease of respiratory system. Particles of easy attachment to a variety of harmful substances, some have carcinogenicity, some will induce pollen allergy; if the deposition in the leaves of the plant, the interference of plant photosynthesis.
FAQ
The current standard which can't adapt?
Municipal solid waste incineration pollution control standard "(GB18485-2001)" the provisions of municipal solid waste incineration plant location principles, MSW into the factory requirements, incinerator basic technical performance indicators and pollutant emission limit value.
But in recent years with the incineration technology level of emission control technology and the pollutant increase, the current standard has been difficult to reflect and adapt to new demand.
Into the furnace waste is not clear Current standards, only general pointed out that the hazardous waste shall not enter the municipal solid waste incineration treatment, failed to clear a concrete material.
Current standards, only general pointed out that the hazardous waste shall not enter the municipal solid waste incineration treatment, failed to clear a concrete material.
However, the sludge sewage treatment plant, general industrial waste and heavy metal precursor body substances (benzene class) and other pollutants content is low, waste heat treatment characteristics and pollution characteristics and life incineration process is similar, therefore, technically and MSW co incineration disposal. Operational requirements is not clear
The current standard fails to stipulate furnace start-up, shutdown and accident stage of MSW incineration.
In fact, incineration system startup, shutdown and failure, generation of pollutants in the exhaust quantity and concentration increased significantly, especially dioxin, so it is necessary to minimize the startup, shut down the number of incinerator, and keep a long continuous operation. Low emission standard
Low emission standard
Particle concentration in the tail gas emission of dioxin levels is higher. The current standard, dioxin emissions standards keeps for 1.0ngTEQ/m3. According to the operation experience of incineration furnace at home and abroad, flue gas emissions from incinerators, standard level of dioxin emission level can reach 0.1ng TEQ/m3. At the same time, our country is gradually to the centralized incineration facilities large incinerator direction, to limit the implementation of uniform standards of dioxin.
No clear monitoring requirements
Current standards, does not make provisions for the enterprise self monitoring, supervisory monitoring, monitoring methods, and the operating conditions for the continuous monitoring of air pollutants emission concentration on-line continuous monitoring, did not make the relevant requirements.
Outside the box
Foreign waste incineration pollution control standard which?
America
USA pollution control standard for hazardous wastes incineration disposal scale is accordance with different, the classification of the scales. Incineration of more than 250 tons per day uses the large incinerator; 35 tons ~250 tons uses medium-sized incinerator; below 35 tons uses small incinerator. At the same time, the continuous emission monitoring system to monitor carbon monoxide emission concentration in flue gas, the carbon monoxide emission limits to control the furnace operating conditions.
Japan
Japan is the world's use of incineration technology the highest national waste percentage, the existing more than 1200 incinerators, large city basic mechanical grate furnace, advanced technology, no odor, low dioxin emission.
Japan for emission limit standards for waste incinerator (2007) consists of two parts: the "implementation rules" and "dioxin countermeasures implemented special measures law rules of atmospheric pollution prevention and control law". One of the provisions of the main pollutant discharge standards, such as dioxins, soot and other emissions limits.
European Union
The European Union in order to ensure the normal operation of incineration, bottom ash, total organic carbon residue heat loss on ignition, flue gas temperature, start or shut down the chimney height, temperature, heat recovery and utilization have done a clearly defined. At the same time, the EU also attaches great importance to monitoring and inspection, and points out that the NOx, CO, TSP, TOC, HCl, HF, SO2 using continuous measurement; incinerator incineration flue gas inlet temperature, parameters of furnace temperature, oxygen concentration, gas pressure, gas temperature, gas water vapor concentration needed for continuous measurement.
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